海南地下流体台网现状分析及改进建议     

刘阳 《高原地震》2012,24(3):26-29

依据中国地震局地下流体学科技术协调组制定的《地下流体观测站(点)质量与效能评估方案》,从5个方面对海南省地下流体3个固定观测网三大测项的监测效能进行了评估,较全面地分析了海南地震地下流体监测网存在的问题,并针对存在问题提出了建议性的改进措施。  相似文献   

高分光学遥感地震应急应用原型系统     

窦爱霞  丁香  王龙  王晓青  单新建  张景发  马海建 《地震》2013,33(2):11-18

本文系统概括了国内外用于地震灾害监测与评估的专业软件现状, 详细介绍了高分光学遥感地震应急应用原型系统的研制目标、 工作流程、 技术方法和主要功能。 该系统基于建立的高分光学遥感震害识别知识库, 实现了“一键式”建筑物震害快速识别, 部分震害增强方法固化于控件中, 减化操作流程, 极大地提高了地震应急的实效性。 系统集成了建筑物、 道路交通、 地震地质灾害三个主要地震灾害识别功能, 能更全面地反映灾区宏观灾情, 在未来地震应急遥感工作中发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

Advances in research on earthquake fluids hydrogeology in China: a review     

Zheming Shi  Guangcai Wang  Chenglong Liu 《地震科学（英文版）》2013,26(6):415-425

Monitoring of subsurface fluid (underground fluid) is an important part of efforts for earthquake prediction in China. The nationwide network, which monitors groundwater level, water temperature, and radon and mercury in groundwater, has been constructed in the last decades. Large amounts of abnormal fluid changes before and after major earthquakes have been recorded, providing precious data for research in earthquake sciences. Many studies have been done in earthquake fluid hydrogeology in order to probe the nature of the earthquake. Much progress in earthquake fluid hydrogeology has been made in the last decades. The paper provides a review of the advances in research on earthquake fluid hydrogeology over the last 40 years in China. It deals with the following five aspects: (1) an introduction to the development history of monitoring networks construction; (2) cases of different subsurface fluid changes recorded before some major earthquakes which occurred in the last decades; (3) characteristics of subsurface fluid changes following major earthquakes; (4) mechanism of subsurface fluid changes before and following earthquakes; (5) application of earthquake fluids in the hydrogeology field.  相似文献   

全国地震重点监视防御区县级机构 防震减灾能力对比研究     

吴新燕  高孟潭  伍国春  郎从 《中国地震》2014,30(3):382-389

以中国地震局在2007年和2012年组织的针对全国地震重点监视防御区的两次大规模问卷调查为依据,以东、中、西部9个省的县级防震减灾机构的工作为研究对象,在对组织机构及经费保障、监测预报能力、工程性防御能力、应急准备能力、宣传教育5个方面共16个技术指标进行统计对比的基础上,就地震重点监视防御区制度的实施情况和实施成效从时间上进行对比分析研究.结果表明,几乎所有指标均有不同程度的提高.此外,本文还针对地方防震减灾工作中存在的一些问题,给出了建议.  相似文献   

地震重点监视防御区县级行政单元地震危险性的差异统计及其分类管理的建议     

郎从  伍国春  高孟潭 《中国地震》2014,30(3):324-329

本文利用GIS技术,将全国地震重点监视防御区(重防区)县级行政单元边界分别与中华人民共和国地震动峰值加速度图和中国及邻区地震区带和潜在震源区划分图叠加,对各县分别计算了如下4个地震危险性指标:(1)县境内最高地震动峰值加速度等级;(2)县境内面积比例最大的地震动峰值加速度等级;(3)县境内最高潜在震源区震级上限等级;(4)县境内面积比例最大的潜在震源区震级上限等级.通过分类统计全国重防区县级行政单元的地震危险性分布,得到的结论是:虽然同为重防区但各地的地震危险性相差巨大.据此,建议根据地震危险性的不同在重防区采取如下措施:第一,不论是何种类型的重防区,均应按中国地震动参数区划图对新建工程做抗震设防,对已有建筑做抗震加固;第二,位于高地震危险性的区域,特别是位于具7级以上潜在地震危险的重防区,要加强与防灾有关的应急准备、城市规划、地震监测预报、地震应急响应等专门措施.  相似文献   

陕西测震台网地震速报结果评估     

王平  狄秀玲  关昕  古云鹤  赵韬 《内陆地震》2014,(1):57-62

陕西省"十五"数字测震台网的建成并投入运行,极大地提高了陕西测震台网地震监测能力和地震速报能力,并成功地经受了四川汶川8.0级地震的考验。在2008年5月12日14时28分汶川8.0级地震后至5月31日,陕西测震台网速报地震669个,其中在地震速报规定范围内速报5级以上地震11个。在应对2009年11月5日陕西高陵4.4级地震(Ⅰ类速报地震)和2013年7月22日甘肃岷县6.6级地震(Ⅲ类速报地震)及余震序列时,两个主震各种速报参数偏差全部符合地震速报规定对相应类别地震速报的要求。  相似文献   

环渤海虚拟台网的运行管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许可  刘瑞瑞  孔繁旭  薛娜  高文晶 《华北地震科学》2014,(3):55-60

针对天津市＂十一五＂期间的建设成果环渤海虚拟台网,从系统部署、运行监控、信息发布、系统维护等方面介绍了虚拟台网技术在天津地区的应用情况,并利用JAVA图像裁切技术解决了环渤海虚拟台网对天津地区速报地震的乡镇级震中位置显示问题。该台网的建成,不仅提高了天津台网对渤海海域的地震监测能力和研究水平,同时也为天津市各区县地办完善监测预报体系、提升社会显示度,提供了良好的机遇。  相似文献   

The Arctic is no longer put on ice: Evaluation of Polar cod (Boreogadussaida) as a monitoring species of oil pollution in cold waters     

Henrik Jonsson  Endre Aas  Steinar Sanni 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(3):390-395

The withdrawing Arctic ice edge will facilitate future sea transport and exploration activities in the area, which calls for the establishment of relevant cold water monitoring species. The present study presents first results of field baseline levels for core oil pollution biomarkers in Polar cod (Boreogadussaida) sampled from pristine, Arctic waters. Furthermore, biomarker response levels were characterized in controlled laboratory exposure experiments running over 2 weeks. Fish exposed to a simulated petrogenic spill (1 ppm dispersed, crude oil) exhibited elevated hepatic EROD activity, bile PAH-metabolites, and hepatic DNA-adducts, whereas male individuals exposed to simulated produced water (30 ppb nonylphenol) exhibited a strong induction of plasma vitellogenin. In conclusion, the results demonstrated low and robust biomarker baseline levels that were clearly different from exposure responses. In combination with its high abundance and circumpolar distribution, the Polar cod seems well qualified for oil pollution monitoring in Arctic waters.  相似文献   

Joint 3D processing of active and passive seismic data     

Aldo Vesnaver  Lara Lovisa  Gualtiero Böhm 《Geophysical Prospecting》2010,58(5):831-844

Passive seismic provides additional illumination sources in producing reservoirs, improving the Earth's imaging obtained by standard 3D seismic surveys. The joint tomographic inversion of surface and borehole data, both active and passive, even allows the delineation of thin reservoirs that cannot be resolved by reflection tomography. As an application example, we present a feasibility study for a real case of CO₂ geological storage, showing that this operation may benefit both environment and reservoir monitoring. The origin time of micro‐earthquakes due to production operations is critical for merging active and passive data. We show here that the Wadati's method is not accurate for borehole data in a layered earth model, when the ratio between P and S velocities is not constant, as occurs in most hydrocarbon reservoirs. This drawback can be solved by deploying a few receivers at the surface close to the well.  相似文献   

Biological response to coastal upwelling and dust deposition in the area off Northwest Africa     

T. Ohde  H. Siegel 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

Nutrient supply in the area off Northwest Africa is mainly regulated by two processes, coastal upwelling and deposition of Saharan dust. In the present study, both processes were analyzed and evaluated by different methods, including cross-correlation, multiple correlation, and event statistics, using remotely sensed proxies of the period from 2000 to 2008 to investigate their influence on the marine environment. The remotely sensed chlorophyll-a concentration was used as a proxy for the phytoplankton biomass stimulated by nutrient supply into the euphotic zone from deeper water layers and from the atmosphere. Satellite-derived alongshore wind stress and sea-surface temperature were applied as proxies for the strength and reflection of coastal upwelling processes. The westward wind and the dust component of the aerosol optical depth describe the transport direction of atmospheric dust and the atmospheric dust column load.  相似文献